Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complex disease affecting more than 20 million individuals in the United States. Progression of CKD is associated with a number of serious complications, including increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, anemia, and metabolic bone disease. CKD patients should be assessed for the presence of these complications and receive optimal treatment to reduce their morbidity and mortality. A multidisciplinary approach is required to accomplish this goal.
aDepartment of Medicine, MetroHealth System Campus, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
bThe CWRU Center for the Study of Kidney Disease and Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
cDepartment of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
Corresponding author. Department of Medicine, Rammelkamp Center for Research and Education, Case Western Reserve University, MetroHealth System, 2500 MetroHealth Drive R415, Cleveland, OH 44109-1998.
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